a. distinguish between descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, between a population and a sample, and among the types of measurement scales;

b. define a parameter, a sample statistic, and a frequency distribution;

a. distinguish between descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, between a population and a sample, and among the types of measurement scales;

b. define a parameter, a sample statistic, and a frequency distribution;

c. calculate and interpret relative frequencies and cumulative relative frequencies, given a frequency distribution;

d. describe the properties of a data set presented as a histogram or a frequency polygon;

e. calculate and interpret measures of central tendency, including the population mean, sample mean, arithmetic mean, weighted average or mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, median, and mode;

m. compare the use of arithmetic mean and geometric means when analyzing investment returns.

f. calculate and interpret quartiles, quintiles, deciles, and percentiles;

g. calculate and interpret 1) a range and a mean absolute deviation, and 2) the variance and standard deviation of a population and of a sample;

h. calculate and interpret the proportion of observations falling within a specified number of standard deviations of the mean using Chebyshev's inequality;

i. calculate and interpret the coefficient of variation and the Sharpe ratio;

j. explain skewness and the meaning of a positively or negatively skewed return distribution;

k. describe the relative locations of the mean, median, and mode for a unimodal, nonsymmetrical distribution;

l. explain measures of sample skewness and kurtosis;

j. explain skewness and the meaning of a positively or negatively skewed return distribution;

k. describe the relative locations of the mean, median, and mode for a unimodal, nonsymmetrical distribution;

l. explain measures of sample skewness and kurtosis;