- CFA Exams
- CFA Level I Exam
- Topic 2. Economics
- Learning Module 3. Fiscal Policy
- Subject 2. Roles and Objectives of Fiscal Policy
CFA Practice Question
A country's budget for 2009 was -$20 billion (deficit) and the GDP for the year was $200 billion. For 2010, the budget was -$25 billion (deficit) and the GDP was $300 billion. This indicates that the country's fiscal policy is shifting towards ______
A. expansion, since its budget deficit increased by $5 billion, or 25%.
B. expansion, since its budget in 2010 was negative, indicating more spending than revenues.
C. restriction, since its budget deficit increased by 25% but the GDP increased by 50%.
Explanation: To determine if the fiscal policy is shifting toward expansion or restriction, economists use changes in the size of the deficit or surplus relative to GDP, not the absolute amount of a deficit or surplus.
User Contributed Comments 9
User | Comment |
---|---|
mtcfa | What am I missing here? Thit looks expansionary. Can someone explain? |
shayu | if the budget deficit increased by more than 50% then it would be expansionary. "increasing" itself does not mean expansionary, the key is the relative increase over GDP. |
george2006 | Examine the deficit as percentage of GDP. it is decreasing, so it is restrictive. |
surob | Thanks george2006. This makes sense. |
YOUCANDOIT | ^ditto |
omya | So if deficit increases more than the GDP then its expansionary else restrictive. |
endurance | the intuitive keyword here is "shifting towards" which implies a more restrictive fiscal policy going forward. Deficit as a percentage of GDP from 2009 to 2010 decreases from 10 to 8.3 percent while the economy expands - meaning a more restrictive fiscal policy |
langy | Thanks george2006. |
Shaan23 | Think like this. If the deficit has decreased then the taxes collected > Government spending. The deficit will decrease. When taxes > G -- what does that mean --- Restrictive policy ---- Expansin would be if G > T |