- CFA Exams
- CFA Level I Exam
- Topic 1. Quantitative Methods
- Learning Module 4. Probability Trees and Conditional Expectations
- Subject 3. Bayes' Formula and Updating Probability Estimates
CFA Practice Question
The staff of a company is 45% female. The probability of a female requesting a sick leave is 12% versus 10% for males. An individual who requested a sick leave was randomly selected from the staff of this company. The probability that this individual is female would be closest to ______.
A. 45%
B. 50%
C. 55%
Explanation: Use Bayes' formula to compute this probability. Assume the following events:
F: individual is a female, P(F) = 0.45
M: individual is a male, P(M) = 0.55)
S: individual requests a sick leave, P(S|F) = 0.12 and P(S|M) = 0.10
P(F|S) = [P(S|F) x P(F)] / [P(S|F) x P(F) + P(S|M) x P(M)] = 0.495
F: individual is a female, P(F) = 0.45
M: individual is a male, P(M) = 0.55)
S: individual requests a sick leave, P(S|F) = 0.12 and P(S|M) = 0.10
P(F|S) = [P(S|F) x P(F)] / [P(S|F) x P(F) + P(S|M) x P(M)] = 0.495
User Contributed Comments 13
User | Comment |
---|---|
mtcfa | please explain. having trouble. |
linr0002 | total prob rule: P(S)= P(S/F)*P(F)+P(S/M)*P(M)=0.109 Bayes rule: P(F/S)= [P(S/F)*P(F)]/ P(S)=0.495 |
wollogo | In simple terms. The probability that the individual was a female is the probability of a female taking a sick day / probability of either male or female taking a sick day. P(F/S) = P(FS)/P(S) where P(FS) = P(S/F)*P(F) |
MattyBo | linr0002's explanation pulls it together. thanks. |
sergashev | 45*0.12=5.4 55*0.1=5.5 5.4+5.5=10.9 5.4/10.9=0.495 |
aakash1108 | thanks @linr. Good clarity! |
JimM | That's not how I read the problem at all. I read it as, "A person who requested sick leave was chosen. What is the probability that the person is female?" The calculation was 12 females out of 22 possible choices, therefore 55%. The 45% female population was a red herring. |
scprior | agree with jim |
atemple315 | Me too - I read it twice just to be sure and thought I'd done well to spot the "trick" wording. |
azramirza | 0.45*0.12/0.45*0.12+.55*.10) |
PeterL | Yes totally agree with Jim |
Shaan23 | No guys. it says an individual requested sick leave. <---- That is the given. What is the probability its a female? P(F/Sick) |
praj24 | F(45) x .12 = 5.4 M(55) x .1 = 5.5 5.4/10.9 = 49.5% >> 50% |